Woven pile fabric



(No Model.)

-Ffai H. HARDWIGK. WOVEN PILE FABRIC.

Patentd Apr. 24, 18.94.

fica. 2. l

fn/00712601" .Harry fbfdwcl NiTEn STATES PATENT Enron,

HARRY HARDWICK, or PHiLADELi-SHIA,v PENNSYLVANIA.

WOVEN PILE FABRIC. a

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,883, dated-April 24, 1894.

Applioationled Nay 9, 1892. Serial No. 432,285. (No model.)

- certain-'Improvements in Woven lile Fabrics,

of whiehthe follwigisya specification.

Theobject of my invention is to pro'vide fon using as Warp threads vin the 'manufacture l 'of woven fabrics, yarns such as have not hith, 'I o erto been available'for such-use, and thisob-.'

ject I attain by combining a coarse yarnv of such hitherto unavailable v-lnaterial l,with

fineryarn or` strand whichhas the e'et not only of materially increasing'the tensile I5` strength' of the doubled yarrnas compared with that of the single coarse yarn,.bnt also l preventsthe cutting orv excessive chafngoif.- said coarse ,yarn by the 'he'ddles or'1"et 1fi\n, l

the operation 'of 'Weaying Theyarnswb'ch,

I contemplate using 'are those madeofnlof hair, short staple wool stock, cotton', h`air, or

' In Fig; lof the drawings A represents a the like; y r A My invention is applicable .to the weaving of vfabr1cs generally,butis especially` intendedends of the iibersoi` the yarn, the presenceiof. the inestrands beingl less noticeable in thisI .class of fabrics than .in fthose. in v which the' In the accompanying drawjngsz-Fi'gure 1,

is an exaggerated View of ap'ieceof y my im- 'proved yarn; and Fig., 2is,l an exaggerated. longitudinal sectionv offap'ieceof cut pile.fab-. v ric'V in the manufacture of 'which such ini'-` provedyarn has beenfeniploy'ed. l Ordinarily, i-n fabrics such as damask, Brus'- sels, Wilton, or-velvet'carpets, agood quality' of Wool .must be employed in the Ayarns -for- 4the warps so'that saidfyarns'will be strong enough 'to resist the tensile /strain 'upon thef foriuse in the weavingof cut lpile fabrics in" whlch the surfacev is for-med by the nptuij-nefd-jy have-'a'. comparatively loose twist so that they vare not'adapted 'for useras .warp threads, for *the reasons above set forth. I find, however, tlat'by-icombining `the coarse' yarn of such in` ,hence such yarns are coarse, and generally "f eriorfwool or mix-ed ber with a 'finer strand.v

terial increase either of bnl-k, weight or` cost,

is rvelllde'red-snfticiently strong' to eiectuallyV ,resistthe'tensilefstrain to which-it issubjected whenf'used as awarp` thread', and furthermore,

. .closely 1togetherV that the yarn. Will'y not be vscrap'edor abrad'ed to the breaking point in its passage 'through the .hedd-les and reed or Afbythesuccessive sheddingsothe warp.

lthat the bers of the 'coarse yarn are held so" or yarn, the: doubled yarn, without any maf.

v,.yarnfof ,inferior wool or mixture such as I have. described,v and B thefiinev yarn doubled therewith, the amount of twist imparted to the 'doubled yarn "being varied as circumstances ma'y suggest, although in practice l .have found that avery light twist, say one turn inthr'ee-quartersof an inch or aninch,

hasinore twstth'an the coarse yarn, andthe operation 'of` doubling is preferably such 'as to increase the twist'of the coarse yarn to the extent'of the doubling twist.

Both the, coarse and the" fine yarn may consist ofk either one dr more strands, and the coarse yarn may be of any material which, of v`itself, is Lincapable of use as a Warp thread in themannerinfpwhich the doubled' yarn is to be used. It thel coarse yarn is composed of cotton, the fine yarn maybe ofthe same ma wool, 'or other 'inferior stock, orvof mohair or other ,Stoclewhicln in the forni ofy yarn, has but little tensile strength, the fine yarn should be of diierent material, as lfor instance of cotton, linen, or even worsted if desired, although cotton is preferred as the cheapest, and has been found to be eective in practice. The coarse and tine yarns are substantially of the'same length so that the strain is exerted terial, but if said coarse yarn is oflinferior 8c is ,sufficient for the'purpo'se. The iine yarn ICO upon theniequally and simultaneously; and stantially of the fsame length whereby they also when the pile is cnt after the yarns are may bear equal strain, substantially as and woven into a pile fabricjthns i setting the fortlie purpose'set forth. threads free to untwst, theiI Will-remain the' 2. The within described cut pile fabric con- 2 5 same length wherebyan even eut 'pile surlsistingcf aibacking of interwoven warps and face is produced. i v Y wefts, and pile-forming warps combined with The pile fabric shown in Fig-2 has the' said backingfabric, and consisting of twisted usual backing fabric'ofSinterwoven -Warps ct, coarse yarns of material, incapable of use a and wefts band' 'cile wax-ps, d' interwoven alone as warp threads, and finer twisted yarns 3o with and retained bythe wefts b of said back-f wound uponlthe surface thereof, twisted in ing fabric, said pile War-ps consisting of the the salnedirection therewith; the said yarns doubled and'twisted yarns.` being substantially? of'the same length wherei t Having thus described my invent1on I by they may bear equal strain, substantially claim and desire to secure by Letters Pat-v as andfr lthe purpose set forth. 3 5 entl Intestimony lwh'e'reef I have signed my 1. The within described warp threadconi -name to this specification inthe presence ofsisting of a twisted coarse 'yarn of `mateial1 two subscribing witnesses.. f l incapable of use alone as'a warp-thread', and, l HARRY I-IARDWICK.

a ner twisted yarn wound upon the surface Witnesses:

thereof, the twist being in the same directiony WILLIAM A, BARR,A

in both yarns and the said 'yarns being sub- HARRY SMITH.

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